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CUPS
The Common Unix Printing System (CUPS) is a modular printing system for Unix-like operating systems. It allows a computer to act as a print server, managing print jobs and queues and providing network printing capabilities across diverse platforms and devices..
Overview
The Common Unix Printing System (CUPS) is an open-source printing system that acts as a print spooler and scheduler. It utilizes the Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) for managing print jobs and queues, making it easier to share printers across networks. CUPS supports various printer drivers and works across multiple Unix-like systems, including Linux and macOS.
Protocols and Communication
CUPS communicates primarily over port 631 using IPP, which is based on HTTP. This allows clients to submit print jobs, query print status, and manage printer capabilities from remote systems. The service supports both TCP and UDP transport protocols, although TCP is more frequently used for reliable transmission. CUPS can also interface with legacy protocols such as LPD and SMB.
System Integration
Designed to be highly modular, CUPS uses filters and backends to communicate with different printer models and types. It offers a web-based management interface accessible via the same port, providing administrators an easy way to add, configure, and monitor printers and print jobs. Its compatibility with IPP Everywhere also facilitates driverless printing on modern devices.