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XMPP Client Connection
XMPP, or Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol, is a widely-used open protocol supporting real-time messaging, presence information, and communication between clients and servers. Port 5222 is the default TCP port for client-to-server communications as defined in RFC 3920, facilitating instant messaging, presence updates, and basic signaling for chat services. This protocol underpins many well-known chat platforms and federated messaging systems..
XMPP (Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) is an open, XML-based protocol designed for real-time exchange of structured data, primarily used for instant messaging and presence. Defined initially under RFC 3920 (later updated by RFC 6120), XMPP enables extensible communication mechanisms, including addressing, routing, and federated server-to-server communication. Clients connect to servers primarily over port 5222, which facilitates authentication, presence management, and message delivery.
Port 5222 specifically handles client-to-server (C2S) connections over TCP, enabling features like roster management, status updates, and exchange of chat messages. The session is initiated through an XML stream, starting with the stream negotiation phase, which may include support for features such as TLS encryption, SASL authentication, and resource binding. The protocol's extensibility is facilitated through XMPP Extension Protocols (XEPs), which allow capabilities such as file transfer, group chats (Multi-User Chat), IoT integrations, and pub-sub mechanisms.
While the initial protocol definition allowed unencrypted connections by default, most modern XMPP implementations prefer or enforce TLS encryption on port 5222 to ensure privacy and integrity. The related port 5223 was previously used for deprecated 'old-style' SSL connections, but port 5222 remains the standard for initiating opportunistic STARTTLS-encrypted sessions in client-to-server communications.