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SIP
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a widely used signaling protocol that enables the initiation, management, and termination of real-time communication sessions such as voice, video, and messaging over IP networks. It plays a critical role in the operation of Voice over IP (VoIP) services, allowing different devices and applications to establish connections seamlessly..
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a text-based protocol designed for establishing, modifying, and terminating multimedia sessions across Internet Protocol (IP) networks. SIP operates primarily at the application layer and facilitates call setup, management, transfer, and teardown, serving as the foundation for Voice over IP (VoIP), video conferencing, and instant messaging applications.
SIP uses a request-response transaction model similar to HTTP, with defined methods such as INVITE, ACK, BYE, REGISTER, and CANCEL. These requests help negotiate media capabilities via protocols like SDP (Session Description Protocol) and establish peer-to-peer media streams typically handled over RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol), while SIP itself does not carry the media payload.
SIP can operate over UDP, TCP, or TLS for encrypted transport on various ports, but port 5060 is the standard port for unencrypted SIP traffic. Its flexibility and text-based simplicity make it extensible, but the protocol’s use of clear-text messaging poses certain risks if not secured properly.