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Munin
Munin is an open-source monitoring tool designed to analyze and visualize the performance of computers, networks, and applications. Utilizing a client-server architecture, it collects extensive metrics from various system resources and presents them through detailed web-based graphical interfaces. This allows administrators to easily monitor resource usage trends, detect anomalies, and maintain optimal system health..
Architecture: Munin operates on a client-server model. The Munin master node periodically polls data from Munin nodes (agents) deployed on monitored systems using a simple TCP connection (port 4949). The collected data includes CPU usage, memory consumption, disk I/O, network traffic, and other vital system statistics.
Functionality: The Munin nodes execute plugin scripts that gather specific metrics. These plugins cover a wide variety of system and application parameters, and administrators can extend functionality by adding custom plugins. Data fetched from nodes is stored on the master, and Munin then generates historical performance graphs, typically accessed via a lightweight web interface.
Protocol and Accessibility: Communication between master and nodes typically occurs over unencrypted TCP on port 4949, which is straightforward but has minimal security features. Network segmentation or tunneling (e.g., via SSH) is often used to restrict access to Munin nodes.