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Border Gateway Multicast Protocol
Border Gateway Multicast Protocol (BGMP) is designed to facilitate scalable multicast routing across multiple autonomous systems in the internet infrastructure. It helps exchange multicast routing information between border routers, enabling efficient delivery of multicast data streams such as audio, video, and other group-based communication across complex networks and domains..
Border Gateway Multicast Protocol (BGMP) extends unicast inter-domain routing principles to multicast, aiming to support large-scale, inter-domain multicast routing. Like BGP for unicast, BGMP enables routers on the edge of different autonomous systems to exchange multicast routing information, handling group membership and efficient data stream management across complex, multi-domain environments.
Technically, BGMP constructs a global shared multicast tree per multicast address prefix. These trees reduce state requirements versus maintaining multiple source-specific trees, and enable scalable routing decisions. BGMP routers leverage address prefix aggregation to keep routing tables scalable, and use a hierarchy similar to inter-domain unicast routing to manage routing policies.
BGMP’s cross-domain routing enhances multicast delivery efficiency by allowing upstream border routers to coordinate packet forwarding, avoid loops, respect administrative boundaries, and reduce redundant network traffic. It interfaces with intra-domain multicast protocols such as PIM within each AS, enabling seamless data flow end-to-end.