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FTPS Data
Port 989 is primarily used for FTPS data transfer, which is an extension of the traditional FTP protocol secured with TLS or SSL encryption. This port facilitates the encrypted transfer of files between clients and servers, ensuring both confidentiality and integrity during data exchange. FTPS addresses the inherent security weaknesses of standard FTP by adding support for encryption standards widely accepted across industries..
FTPS (File Transfer Protocol over SSL/TLS) enhances the traditional FTP by incorporating SSL or TLS encryption. Specifically, port 989 serves as the default data port for FTPS in implicit mode, where the SSL/TLS connection is automatically initiated without separate negotiation. This mode mandates encryption from the start, distinguishing it from explicit FTPS where encryption is negotiated over the standard FTP ports.
Technically, FTPS operates by wrapping FTP commands and data transfers within an encrypted tunnel. Port 989 handles binary file data streams, while port 990 is typically the control port. Both client and server must support SSL/TLS to establish a connection, and digital certificates are often required to verify identities or facilitate encrypted sessions.
FTPS supports both active and passive data connections. In active mode, the server connects back to the client's ephemeral port from port 989, while in passive mode, the client initiates connections to a server-specified port range. The encryption complicates deep packet inspection and NAT traversal; therefore, proper configuration is necessary to maintain secure yet functional transfers.