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CVS
**CVS (Concurrent Versions System)** is a legacy version control tool that enables multiple developers to collaborate on source code by tracking changes over time. CVS uses a client-server architecture, where clients communicate with a centralized CVS server, typically over port 2401, to commit updates, review revisions, and perform merges. Though largely supplanted by modern systems like Git and Mercurial, CVS still appears in some legacy environments..
Overview:
CVS (Concurrent Versions System) is an open-source, client-server revision control system widely used before the advent of distributed solutions like Git. It enables developers to keep track of software development history by maintaining versions of files and directories within a centralized repository.
Architecture and Protocol:
CVS uses a centralized model where developers check out working copies from a central server and then commit changes back. Communication between CVS clients and servers typically occurs over TCP port 2401, using a custom, plaintext-oriented protocol that negotiates commands and data transfers. Authentication is handled via mechanisms like pserver, ssh, or Kerberos depending on configuration.
Legacy and Integration:
CVS supports branching, tagging, and merging, albeit with limited capabilities compared to modern DVCS tools. It is often wrapped within network services for remote access. Despite its limitations — such as inefficient branching and lack of atomic commits — CVS persists in certain older projects and organizational workflows.